In one line, Priority Inversion is a problem while Priority Inheritance is a solution.
Priority Inversion means that the priority of tasks gets inverted and Priority
Inheritance means that the priority of tasks gets inherited. Both of these phenomena
happen in priority scheduling. Basically, in Priority Inversion, the higher priority
task (H) ends up waiting for the middle priority task (M)

In priority inversion, a higher-priority process is preempted by a lower-priority 
process.

It is a method that is used to eliminate the problems of Priority inversion.

Priority inheritance is a technique used in real-time systems to prevent priority inversion. It ensures that a low-priority task doesn't unnecessarily delay a higher-priority task.

In priority inheritance, when a low-priority task needs access to a resource held by 
a higher-priority task, the priority of the low-priority task is temporarily elevated
to match that of the higher-priority task. This allows the low-priority task to 
complete its execution quickly and release the resource, thereby avoiding unnecessary
delays for the higher-priority task.